The third angle is the inferior angle where the medial and lateral borders meet. [26][32] The third explanation links the root skel- to to cleave. Irregular bones: Irregular bones are irregular in size and shape and are usually quite compact. Suspended in muscles, the scapula is held in position by the strut-like clavicle, but retains great mobility relative to the thorax. The upper two-thirds of the surface between the ridge and the axillary border is narrow, and is crossed near its center by a groove for the scapular circumflex vessels; the Teres minor attaches here. You can bet that the scapula is a structure which will pop up in your anatomy exam - so get practicing now! 1  • Bone tumors are less common within the scapula. flat bone (flat bōn) [TA] A type of bone characterized by its thin, flattened shape, such as the scapula or certain of the cranial bones. For the community in the United States, see, The upper picture is an anterior (from the front) view of the thorax and. [34], In the fossil therapsids, a third bone, the true coracoid, formed just behind the procoracoid. Abnormal scapular function is called scapular dyskinesis. Choose from 500 different sets of term:scapula = flat bone flashcards on Quizlet. The place on the scapula where it articulated with the humerus (upper bone of the forelimb) is called the glenoid. The coracoid process allows the attachment of various muscles and ligaments. The superior angle of the scapula is thin, smooth, rounded, and inclined somewhat lateralward, and gives attachment to a few fibers of the levator scapulae muscle.[4]. A flat, triangular bone with a prominent, near-horizontal raised spine, lying over the upper ribs of the back. In compound terms, the prefix omo- is used for the shoulder blade in Latin medical terminology. Anteriorly, the scapula is protected by the rib cage and thoracic cavity and posteriorly. However, the detailed structure of these bones varies considerably in living groups. [22], The English word spatula is actually derived from Latin spatula,[28] an orthographic variant of spathula. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver, Author: First, the noun σκάπετος, trench [24] derived from this verb,[24] and the to scapula related noun σκαφη,[25] similarly derived from the aforementioned verb,[24][25] might connect scapula to the notion of (con)cavity. The flattened triangular portion spans from the second to the seventh rib and consists of three borders (superior, lateral, and medial) and three angles (superior, inferior, and lateral). Scapula is a flat bone that is shaped somewhat like a triangle. The Roman encyclopedist Aulus Cornelius Celsus who lived during the beginning of the era, also used scapulae to refer to the back. The scapula forms the posterior of the shoulder girdle. The acromion forms the summit of the shoulder, and is a large, somewhat triangular or oblong process, flattened from behind forward, projecting at first laterally, and then curving forward and upward, so as to overhang the glenoid cavity. The classic example of a flat bone is the Scapula (shoulder blade). This is the bone that we can see on our back when we move our arms and shoulders. The spelling humerus is actually incorrect in classical Latin.[22]. 2020 The inferior angle is formed by the union of the medial and lateral borders of the scapula. The dorsal, flat, a triangular body of scapula has a slightly elevated ridge called the spine, which projects as a flat, expanded process called as the acromion. Most anatomists classify the scapula as a flat bone, though it does have some irregular looking structures on it. [25], The Latin word umerus is related to ὦμος. The surface is covered with cartilage in the fresh state; and its margins, slightly raised, give attachment to a fibrocartilaginous structure, the glenoidal labrum, which deepens the cavity. Osteochondroma or exostosis is the most common benign bone tumors. The scapula is the technical name for the shoulder blade. The third group, which is mainly responsible for stabilization and rotation of the scapula, consists of the trapezius, serratus anterior, levator scapulae, and rhomboid muscles. Etymologie. “I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half.” [16] These two muscles act as a force couple within the glenohumeral joint to properly elevate the acromion process, and if a muscle imbalance exists, shoulder impingement may develop. The scapula or shoulder blade is the bone that connects the clavicle to the humerus. Its lower third presents a broader, somewhat triangular surface, the inferior angle of the scapula, which gives origin to the Teres major, and over which the Latissimus dorsi glides; frequently the latter muscle takes origin by a few fibers from this part. • Characteristic imaging features may be present or absent. The scapula is a large triangular flat bone situated in the dorsal part of the thorax between the second and the seventh ribs. [21] Besides the aforementioned os latum scapularum, Celsus used os latum umeri to refer to the shoulder blade. It moves forwards round the chest when the arm is abducted. The superior border is the shortest and thinnest border of the three. [24] The latter spots the possible root skel-,[26] meaning to bend, to curve. b. Sphenoid bone. There are also three angles to the scapula. The scapula or shoulder blade is the bone that connects the clavicle to the humerus. Umerus was also used to refer specifically to the shoulder. Identify the scapula’s anterior, dorsal, and posterior borders. The shoulder blades usually rest flat against the back of the chest wall. "In terms of comparative anatomy the human scapula represents two bones that have become fused together; the (dorsal) scapula proper and the (ventral) coracoid. Marieb, E. (2005). [21] They both use the name ὠμοπλάτη to refer to the shoulder blade. The scapula provides attachment to several groups of muscles. However, because the medial aspect of the scapula is not directly attached to the axial skeleton, but is rather held in place and connected to the thorax and vertebral column by muscles, the scapula can move freely across the posterior thoracic wall (scapulothoracic joint). Scapula in situ.Posterior oblique view. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat, triangular bone located to the posterior of the shoulder. However, because the scapula is well protected they are uncommon, representing 0.5 to 1% of all fractures. In species other than humans, the position is usually slightly different to allow for articulation of the front legs. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V. Drosdowski, G. & Grebe (Ed.) • Being a flat bone with complex anatomy, diagnosis and staging of tumors may be more difficult compared with long bones. muscle). Superior border shown in red. Between the 14th and 20th years, the remaining parts ossify in quick succession, and usually in the following order: first, in the root of the coracoid process, in the form of a broad scale; secondly, near the base of the acromion; thirdly, in the inferior angle and contiguous part of the vertebral border; fourthly, near the outer end of the acromion; fifthly, in the vertebral border. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a large triangular-shaped bone that lies in the upper back. Short bones: Short bones also have a tubular shaft and articular surfaces at each end but are much smaller. Copyright © The scapula is a flat, triangular bone which forms the back of the shoulder. The Scapula (Shoulder Blade). [24] In anatomic Latin, ὠμοπλάτη is Latinized as omoplata. A bone that has an irregular shape. Register now Osteology. [7][8] After birth, the cartilaginous components would undergo endochondral ossification. Informed consent means you understand what will be done and can make decisions about what you want. Ossification of the body begins about the second month of fetal life, by an irregular quadrilateral plate of bone forming, immediately behind the glenoid cavity. In addition, any condition causing weakness of the serratus anterior muscle may cause scapular "winging". The answer is D, scapula bone. Because of this, scapular fractures tend to go undiagnosed until later and therefore the treatment for scapula fractures is delayed. The medial border is a thin border and runs parallel to the vertebral column and is therefore often called the vertebral border. 5. A scapula’s posterior surface is crossed obliquely by a prominent ridge, the spine, which divides the bone into two concave areas, the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae. The name derives from the Classical Latin word for trowel or small shovel, which it was thought to resemble. Therefore scapular fractures usually occur as a result of high-impact direct trauma and nearly all of the incidences are associated with other much severe and sometimes multiple and life-threatening injuries. ‘’The American illustrated medical dictionary.’’ (21st edition). Otherwise, the designation scapulae is also seen as synonym of ancient Greek συνωμία,[33] the space between the shoulder blades,[24] that is obviously concave. The epiphyses, carpal bones, coracoid process, medial border of the scapula, and acromion are still cartilaginous. The scapula, or shoulder bone, is a flat, triangular bone that connects to the humerus and the clavicle. Vries, J. de, Tollenaere, F. de & Persijn, A.J. Herkunfstwörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. Together with the clavicle and the sternum, the scapula forms part of the shoulder girdle, which attaches the appendicular skeleton (the limbs) to the axial skeleton (the trunk). (1948). The other more common type of fracture is through the surgical neck of the scapula. The following muscles attach to the scapula: Movements of the scapula are brought about by the scapular muscles. They include the bones in the vertebral column, the carpal bones in the hands, tarsal bones in the feet, and the patella (kneecap). Scapular fractures involving the neck of the scapula have two patterns. Also called shoulder blade See more at skeleton. c. Its medial surface is nearly flat, whereas its lateral surface has a prominent scapular spine. A short bone embedded in a tendon that has a sesame seed shape. Please notice, that the aforementioned term pala as applied by Roman physician Caelius Aurelianus, also means spade. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat, triangular bone located to the posterior of the shoulder. After the Middle Ages, the name scapula for shoulder blade became dominant. The two fossae are connected by the spinoglenoid notch, situated lateral to the root of the spine. Jerome Goffin [9] Some of the outer parts of the scapula are cartilaginous at birth, and would therefore undergo endochondral ossification.[10]. Commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a relatively flat bone which articulates with both the humerus of the upper arm, forming the glenohumeral joint, and the clavicle (collar bone) forming the acromioclavicular joint. Snapping scapula syndrome is when there is abnormality at the scapulothoracic joint which leads to non-smooth articulation. It is the thickest and strongest of the three borders for muscle attachment. It seems that os latum scapularum, ὠμοπλάτη, πλάται, pala, spathula and σπάθη all refer to the same aspect of the shoulder blade, i.e. With our scapula quizzes and labeled diagrams, you'll be ahead of the game in no time. (1998). Philadelphia/London: W.B. Read more. Few radiology articles report the types and appearances of these tumors. • The scapula (Latin: scapula) is a flat triangular bone that connects the humerus and the clavicle. You have two of these triangle-shaped bones in your upper back. Click to see full answer Moreover, what is the scapula function? The inferior angle of the scapula is the lowest part of the scapula and is covered by the latissimus dorsi muscle. At the back of the scapula is the convex and uneven posterior surface which has a protruding ridge of bone (spine of the scapula) that unevenly separates it into two divisions: the superior supraspinous fossa and the much bigger, inferior infraspinous fossa. The scapula serves as the attachment site for a dinosaur's back and forelimb muscles. is a legal document that explains the tests, treatments, or procedures that you may need. Duden. Costal surface of left scapula. The intrinsic muscles of the scapula include the rotator cuff muscles, teres major, subscapularis, teres minor, and infraspinatus. [21] This expressions can be translated as broad (Latin: latum[22]) bone (Latin: os[22]) of the back (Latin: scapularum[21]). It is surrounded by 17 muscles that help to provide movement and control to the area. The epiphyseal line across the glenoid cavity is the line of fusion. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape, placed on a posterolateral aspect of the thoracic cage The lateral border is often called the axillary border as it runs superolaterally towards the apex of the axilla. Surgery to the axilla, e.g. Cools, A., Dewitte, V., Lanszweert, F., Notebaert, D., Roets, A., et al. The scapula forms the posterior (back) located part of the shoulder girdle. Rehabilitation of scapular muscle balance. Saunders Company. Natalie Joe It is marked by 3 longitudinal ridges. Like their connected bones, the scapulae are paired, with each scapula on either side of the body being roughly a mirror image of the other. A thick ridge adjoins the lateral border. The role of the scapula in athletic shoulder function. These muscles attach to the surface of the scapula and are responsible for the internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint, along with humeral abduction. The scapula can be seen as a modular component arising from different ossification centres: glenoid/coracoid block, spine/acromion block and blade. The scapula is also known as the shoulder blade. Scapular dysplasia describes an abnormal morphology of the scapula which can either be primary or acquired, secondary to obstetric brachial plexus palsy. It also has the glenoid cavity or socket along this border, a shallow fossa which articulates with the head of the humerus, forming the glenohumeral joint. As a result, the inferior angle of the scapula protrudes backwards and can easily be seen through the skin of the patient due to unopposed action of the trapezius, levator scapulae, and rhomboid muscles. Scapular winging … Description: The scapula is a large, flat, triangular bone with three prominent projections. In the upper limbs, only the diaphyses of the long bones and scapula are ossified. The scapula has two surfaces, three borders, three angles, and three processes. Long bones: Long bones have a tubular shaft and articular surface at each end. 2. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a wide, flat bone that sits behind the rib cage. An abnormally protruding inferior angle of the scapula is known as a winged scapula and can be caused by paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle. The scapula is commonly called the shoulder blade and is a flat triangular bone. The scapula is a flat bone. Morphological changes of the scapula can also be seen in infants featuring a brachial plexus injury at the time of delivery due to an abnormal development of the cartilage of the posterior glenoid. These various epiphyses are joined to the bone by the 25th year. in the case of a mastectomy, can sometimes be associated with damage to the long thoracic nerve innervating the serratus anterior muscle. Most of the bones of the skull are flat bones, as is the sternum. [24], Second, scapula, due to its relatedness to σκάπτειν might originally meant shovel. Your scapula is a flat bone that’s commonly referred to as your shoulder blade. [21][22] Oddly enough, classical Latin non-diminutive spatha can be translated as English spatula,[22] while its Latin diminutive spatula is not translated as English spatula. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 26(2), 325-337. There are 36 flat bones in the adult skeleton, including some skull bones, as well as the sternum and ribs: The clavicle articulates with this. In dinosaurs the main bones of the pectoral girdle were the scapula (shoulder blade) and the coracoid, both of which directly articulated with the clavicle. [32], In fish, the scapular blade is a structure attached to the upper surface of the articulation of the pectoral fin, and is accompanied by a similar coracoid plate on the lower surface. It arches over the glenohumeral joint and articulates with the lateral acromial end of the clavicle to make up the synovial acromioclavicular joint. Animation. a) Ileum b) Thoracic vertebra c) Sternum d) Clavicle e) Humerus 10) This is the thick edge of the scapula that is closer to the arm. The scapula, also known as the shoulder blade, is a flat triangular bone located at the back of the trunk and resides over the posterior surface of ribs two to seven. Mannheim: Dudenverlag. Part of the scapula is lined with cartilage (the glenoid) and forms the socket of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. The flat bones are: the occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, hip bone (coxal bone), sternum, ribs, and scapulae. The scapula is a large, flat, triangular bone with three prominent projections. The superior angle is located at the approximate level of the second thoracic vertebra. e) Sacrum 9) Which bone articulates with the scapula at the glenoid cavity? Συνωμία consists of σύν, together with,[24] and ὦμος, shoulder. Scapula lies on the posterolateral aspect of the thorax extending from 2nd to 7th rib. This is a large, flat, triangular plate of bone on the posterolateral aspect of the thorax, overlying the second to the seventh ribs. Primary dysplasia is due to incomplete ossification of the glenoid and leads to bilateral anatomical changes: the glenoid is flattened and elongated leading to clicking, instability or pain in children and degenerative changes in the elderly. It helps to protect the back of the chest. The scapula, commonly known as the shoulder blade, is a flat, slightly curved triangular bone that connects the upper arm to the collar bone. The superior angle of the scapula or medial angle, is covered by the trapezius muscle. It is a sturdy, flat, triangular bone. Reading time: 15 minutes. The two muscles most commonly inhibited during this first part of an overhead motion are the serratus anterior and the lower trapezius. The scapula, or shoulder bone, is a flat, triangular bone that connects to the humerus and the clavicle. Left scapula. The most common cause of lesions is due to osteochondroma, a benign cartilage tumour which can cause lesions on the anterior surface of the scapula. A similar expression in ancient Greek can be seen in the writings of the Greek philosopher Aristoteles and in the writings of the Greek physician Galen. [22], Latin spatha is derived from ancient Greek σπάθη. The coracoid process is a beak-like bent that projects anterolaterally from the superior border. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. [22] Σπάθη is actually derived from the similar root spē(i),[26] that means to extend.[26]. This prefix is derived from ὦμος (ōmos), the Ancient Greek word for shoulder, and is cognate with the Latin (h)umerus. Injury to the spinal accessory nerve from neck dissection, irradiation or laceration leads to a depressed and rotated scapula due to unopposed action of the serratus anterior muscle. Part of the scapula forms the socket of the shoulder joint 4. Another cause of winging of the scapula is fascioscapulohumeral dystrophy, an autosomal dominant condition affecting several muscles related to the scapula: serratus anterior, rhomboids, trapezius, teres major and minor, pectoralis minor and major, biceps, and triceps muscle. The Scapula. The scapula is commonly called the shoulder blade and is a flat triangular bone. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(10), 1744. Learn term:scapula = flat bone with free interactive flashcards. It is a sturdy, flat, triangular bone. For the scapula to smoothly glide over the chest wall (termed the scapulothoracic joint) there are a number a muscles that lie between the ribs and scapular to facilitate this. [24][26] The aforementioned πλάται for shoulder blades was also used for blades of an oar. The back of the scapula (also called the dorsal or posterior surface) is arched from above downward, and is subdivided into two unequal parts by the spine of the scapula. [21] The word scapula can etymologically be explained by its relatedness to ancient Greek verb σκάπτειν,[27][28] to dig. [24] This relatedness give rise to several possible explanations. [3] These muscles attach to the surface of the scapula and are responsible for the internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint, along with humeral abduction. Martini, M., Graevius, Janszoon van Almeloveen, T. & Clerici, G. (1701). The lateral angle of the scapula or glenoid angle also known as the head of the scapula is the thickest part of the scapula. Flat bones are broad bones that provide protection or muscle attachment. Ventricles, meninges and blood vessels of the brain, Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, triceps brachii (long head), teres minor, teres major, latissimus dorsi, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, subscapularis, omohyoid muscles, Trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor muscles, Suprascapular, posterior circumlex humeral, circumflex scapular, transverse cervical arteries, Scapulothoracic dysfunction, scapulothoracic instability, scapular dysplasia, snapping scapula syndrome, fractures, Infraspinatus muscle (posterior view) - Yousun Koh, Latissimus dorsi muscle (posterior view) - Yousun Koh, Omohyoid muscle (anterior view) - Yousun Koh, Rhomboid major muscle (posterior view) - Yousun Koh. [31] This meaning could refer to the shape of the shoulder blade. Bone type: One of the four basic bone shapes in the human skeleton. The extrinsic muscles include the biceps, triceps, and deltoid muscles and attach to the coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, and spine of the scapula. a) Axillary border b) Medial border c) Infraspinous fossa d) Coracoid process e) Acromion 11) Which of the following bone markings is located in the most superior position on the scapula? The intrinsic muscles of the scapula include the muscles of the rotator cuff—the subscapularis, teres minor, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus. When they do occur, they are an indication that severe chest trauma has occurred. Anatomy of the Human Body", "Fractures of the scapula surgical neck: outcome after conservative treatment in 13 cases", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scapula&oldid=992431470, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Upward rotation: upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior, This page was last edited on 5 December 2020, at 06:35. It serves as an attachment for some of the muscles and tendons of the arm, neck, chest and back and aids in the movements of the arm and shoulder. Basic Role and Anatomy of the Scapula. Costal Surface or Subscapular Fossa It is concave and is directed medially and forwards. It helps to protect the back of the chest. Lateral border shown in red. This runs from the lower part of the glenoid cavity, downward and backward to the vertebral border, about 2.5 cm above the inferior angle. At the upper part of the fossa is a transverse depression, where the bone appears to be bent on itself along a line at right angles to and passing through the center of the glenoid cavity, forming a considerable angle, called the subscapular angle; this gives greater strength to the body of the bone by its arched form, while the summit of the arch serves to support the spine and acromion. Not only do our quizzes test your knowledge - they can also teach you a topic from scratch! [22] This mirrors the use of ὦμος in ancient Greek as that could refer to the shoulder with the upper arm [24] or to the shoulder [24] alone. Kenhub. The Sternum (breastbone), Cranium (skull), ilium (hip bone) Pelvis and Ribs are also classified as flat bones. ), Computer Generated turn around Image of scapula, Bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone), This article is about the bone. It is a flat, triangular bone that lies over the back of the upper ribs. The scapula is a flat bone that is shaped somewhat like a triangle. [17] It is commonly used in medical English[17][18][19] and is part of the current official Latin nomenclature, Terminologia Anatomica.[20]. The base of the acromion is formed by an extension from the spine; the two nuclei of the acromion unite, and then join with the extension from the spine. [21], During the Middle Ages spathula was used to refer to the shoulder blade. The medial two-thirds of the fossa have 3 longitudinal oblique ridges, and another thick ridge adjoins the lateral border; they run outward and upward. The scapula is a wide, flat bone lying on the thoracic wall that provides an attachment for three groups of muscles: intrinsic, extrinsic, and stabilising and rotating muscles. This allows the arm to move with the scapula, providing a wide range of movement and mobility for the upper limb compared to the lower limb. The major bones of the arms (humerus, radius, and ulna) and the legs (the femur, tibia, and fibula) are all long bones. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a wide, flat bone that sits behind the rib cage. All of the important anatomical landmarks of the scapula, together with the clinical conditions that may affect it, will be described in this article. [21] Similarly, Laurentius used the expression latitudo umeri (Latitudo = breadth, width [24]) to refer to the shoulder blade. It is marked by 3 longitudinal ridges. Superior border shown in red. Superior border shown in red. The larger part of the scapula undergoes membranous ossification. Veen, P.A.F. In anatomy, the scapula, omo (Medical Latin), or shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). Inferior to the coracoid process is the glenoid cavity. One action the scapula performs during a throwing or serving motion is elevation of the acromion process in order to avoid impingement of the rotator cuff tendons. The scapula connects to the clavicle (collar bone) in the front of the body, and to the humerus (arm bone) at the side. [28], Shoulder blade is colloquial name for this bone. In birds, the procoracoids help to brace the wing against the top of the sternum. Diagram of the human shoulder joint, front view, Diagram of the human shoulder joint, back view, Left scapula. Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 The first supposes that shoulder can be literally translated as that which shields or protects,[30] as its possibly related to Icelandic skioldr, shield and skyla, to cover, to defend. The scapula articulates with the clavicle through the acromion process, a large projection located superiorly on the scapula forming the acromioclavicular joint. In such animals, the scapula is usually a relatively simple plate, lacking the projections and spine that it possesses in mammals. The portion above the spine is called the supraspinous fossa, and that below it the infraspinous fossa. For example, in frogs, the procoracoid bones may be braced together at the animal's underside to absorb the shock of landing, while in turtles, the combined structure forms a Y-shape in order to allow the scapula to retain a connection to the clavicle (which is part of the shell). [28] Similarly to the resemblance between the Latin pala (spade) and the shoulder blade, a resemblance might be felt between the shape of a shovel and the shoulder blade. The bone is surrounded and supported by a complex system of muscles that work together to help you move your arm. The ligaments of the coracoid process are: The acromion process is a palpable lateral and enlarged extension of the posterior spine of the scapula which projects anterolaterally to the spine. Like any bone, the scapula is subjective to fractures. One (rare) type of fracture is through the anatomical neck of the scapula. They are usually located in long bones metaphysis. Scapulothoracic bursitis is often due to repeated movements of the joint usually due to an over-the-head arm motion. The altered musculature is also responsible for the alteration in the shape of the rest of the scapula; the forward margin of the original bone became the spine and acromion, from which the main shelf of the shoulder blade arises as a new structure.[34]. PRotraction -  Pectoralis minor & seRRatus anterior Either of two flat, triangular bones forming part of the shoulder. The broad and narrow portions above alluded to are separated by an oblique line, which runs from the axillary border, downward and backward, to meet the elevated ridge: to it is attached a fibrous septum which separates the Teres muscles from each other. Failure of bony union between the acromion and spine sometimes occurs (see os acromiale), the junction being effected by fibrous tissue, or by an imperfect articulation; in some cases of supposed fracture of the acromion with ligamentous union, it is probable that the detached segment was never united to the rest of the bone. A comprehensive etymological dictionary of the English language. Location in flat bone like scapula is thus very uncommon, we report a new case with literature review.